Yes of course. All garments set up for use with Appearance Editor allow this, and much more!
Here's an example with the T-shirt you're talking about.
In Apperance Editor, in Mesh Data, I have implemented a map that defines areas for which you can change the materials and colors.
On this model, the sleeves are therefore independent of the central part, and you can also manage the materials and colors of the seams.
Apperance Editor is a great tool.
As you can see, he also has some generators of patterns, wear, hole and many other things.
Here, I could add a pattern of black and white lines only on the sleeves for example.
I could have added flowers, or any pattern in texture that I want.
Compared to your question yesterday, I forgot to tell you that on the model, I added a logo in front, but you can also add another behind all over the back, or even on the sleeves.
You can even change the material, different fabrics are available, but also leather, metal materials, etc .... All this in CC3!